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Queensland Government
WetlandInfo   —   Department of the Environment, Tourism, Science and Innovation

Water Quality Improvement Plans

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Get more detailed information about Water Quality Improvement Plans

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Catchment stories info

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Wetland observations

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Wetland extents info metadata

Based on wetland mapping version 7.0

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Water Quality Improvement Plans wetland area by system 2021
System Area (ha) % wetlands area % total area
Total 1,624,280 100.0% 3.8%
Total excluding riverine and artificial/highly modified riverine 924,732 56.9% 2.2%
Artificial and highly modified 166,014 10.2% 0.4%
Intertidal (saltmarsh, saltflats, mangroves) (natural) 400,371 24.6% 0.9%
Intertidal (saltmarsh, saltflats, mangroves) (slightly modified) 3,812 0.2% 0.0%
Lacustrine (natural) 18,009 1.1% 0.0%
Lacustrine (slightly modified) 20,205 1.2% 0.0%
Lacustrine (unknown degree of modification) 32 0.0% 0.0%
Palustrine (natural) 252,549 15.5% 0.6%
Palustrine (slightly modified) 63,990 3.9% 0.2%
Riverine 699,299 43.1% 1.6%

For definitions of artificial, highly modified, modified, slightly modified and natural wetlands, see the Queensland Wetland Mapping Method - A Method to Provide Baseline Mapping of Wetland Extent and Changes in Wetland Extent in Queensland (PDF, 0.6 MB).

Water Quality Improvement Plans wetland area by habitat 2021
Habitat Area (ha) % wetlands area % total area
Total 669,451 100.0% 1.6%
Mangroves - Casuarina 1,013 0.2% 0.0%
Mangroves - other 231,106 34.5% 0.5%
Salt marsh and salt flats 109,080 16.3% 0.3%
Arid and semi-arid saline lake 0 0.0% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid floodplain lake 1,559 0.2% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid permanently inundated lake 5 0.0% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain lake 7,697 1.1% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain rock lake 156 0.0% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain sand (window) lake 4,953 0.7% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain sand (perched) lake 0 0.0% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain soil lake 164 0.0% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid saline swamp 34 0.0% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid floodplain tree swamp 7,701 1.2% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid floodplain shrub swamp 0 0.0% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid floodplain grass, sedge and herb swamp 461 0.1% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid non-floodplain tree swamp 17,080 2.6% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid non-floodplain shrub swamp 0 0.0% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid non-floodplain grass, sedge and herb swamp 18,172 2.7% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid other non-floodplain swamp 257 0.0% 0.0%
Arid and semi-arid Great Artesian Basin fed spring swamp 37 0.0% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain tree (Melaleuca and Eucalypt) swamp 54,566 8.2% 0.1%
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain wet heath swamp 3,247 0.5% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain grass, sedge, and herb swamp 53,987 8.1% 0.1%
Coastal and sub-coastal other non-floodplain swamp 5,528 0.8% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain tree (Melaleuca and Eucalypt) swamp 65,975 9.9% 0.2%
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain grass, sedge, and herb swamp 74,383 11.1% 0.2%
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain wet heath swamp 7,660 1.1% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal other floodplain swamp 34 0.0% 0.0%
Coastal and sub-coastal tree (palm) swamp 3,446 0.5% 0.0%
Unknown - Swamp - Arid and semi-arid 796 0.1% 0.0%
Unknown - Swamp - Coastal and sub-coastal 351 0.1% 0.0%

Disclaimer

Areas do not include marine or estuarine waters but do include estuarine wetland vegetation
(e.g. mangroves and tidal flats).

All statistics are approximate and generated based on data transformed to a customised Albers equal-area projection, thus allowing wetland extent change for different regions of Queensland to be comparable.

Areas may change over time as mapping approaches improve.

Totals may not match the sum of individually displayed figures due to the rounding of displayed figures.

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Wetland extent changes

Water Quality Improvement Plans wetland extent change by system
System 2021 area
(ha)
2019 area
(ha)
2017 area
(ha)
2013 area
(ha)
2009 area
(ha)
2005 area
(ha)
2001 area
(ha)
pre-clear area
(ha)
2021/pre-clear
percentage
Total 1,624,280 1,624,182 1,624,439 1,622,511 1,619,305 1,615,463 1,608,818 1,654,353 * 88.1%
Artificial and highly modified 166,014 164,960 164,474 160,664 156,469 151,495 141,383 0 n/a
Intertidal (saltmarsh, saltflats, mangroves) (natural) 400,371 400,493 400,501 400,903 401,105 401,261 401,503 456,421 87.7%
Intertidal (saltmarsh, saltflats, mangroves) (slightly modified) 3,812 3,741 3,741 3,749 3,727 3,709 3,744 0 n/a
Lacustrine (natural) 18,009 18,014 18,014 18,099 18,099 18,099 18,099 18,951 95.0%
Lacustrine (slightly modified) 20,205 20,132 20,120 20,065 19,871 19,708 18,571 0 n/a
Lacustrine (unknown degree of modification) 32 31 31 36 34 34 33 0 n/a
Palustrine (natural) 252,549 252,821 253,050 253,641 254,105 254,518 255,944 377,280 66.9%
Palustrine (slightly modified) 63,990 63,919 63,880 63,482 63,411 63,369 63,350 0 n/a
Riverine 699,299 700,071 700,628 701,872 702,484 703,273 706,190 801,702 87.2%

* Total 2021/pre-clear percentage excludes artificial and highly modified

Water Quality Improvement Plans wetland extent change by habitat
Habitat 2021 area
(ha)
2019 area
(ha)
2017 area
(ha)
2013 area
(ha)
2009 area
(ha)
2005 area
(ha)
2001 area
(ha)
Total 669,451 669,666 669,842 670,112 670,788 671,314 672,908
Mangroves - Casuarina 1,013 1,013 1,015 1,017 1,017 1,017 1,017
Mangroves - other 231,106 231,106 231,107 231,135 231,127 231,117 231,149
Salt marsh and salt flats 109,080 109,073 109,077 109,124 109,415 109,558 109,677
Arid and semi-arid saline lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Arid and semi-arid floodplain lake 1,559 1,559 1,559 1,559 1,559 1,559 1,559
Arid and semi-arid permanently inundated lake 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain lake 7,697 7,697 7,698 7,697 7,697 7,697 7,697
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain rock lake 156 156 156 156 156 156 156
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain sand (window) lake 4,953 4,953 4,953 4,953 4,953 4,953 4,953
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain sand (perched) lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain soil lake 164 164 164 164 164 164 164
Arid and semi-arid saline swamp 34 34 34 34 34 34 34
Arid and semi-arid floodplain tree swamp 7,701 7,701 7,702 7,706 7,706 7,845 7,845
Arid and semi-arid floodplain shrub swamp 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Arid and semi-arid floodplain grass, sedge and herb swamp 461 461 461 461 461 462 462
Arid and semi-arid non-floodplain tree swamp 17,080 17,093 17,099 17,101 17,111 17,114 17,128
Arid and semi-arid non-floodplain shrub swamp 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Arid and semi-arid non-floodplain grass, sedge and herb swamp 18,172 18,239 18,239 18,239 18,242 18,243 18,244
Arid and semi-arid other non-floodplain swamp 257 257 257 258 258 258 259
Arid and semi-arid Great Artesian Basin fed spring swamp 37 37 37 37 37 37 37
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain tree (Melaleuca and Eucalypt) swamp 54,566 54,610 54,667 54,775 54,952 55,142 55,636
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain wet heath swamp 3,247 3,249 3,249 3,250 3,257 3,262 3,271
Coastal and sub-coastal non-floodplain grass, sedge, and herb swamp 53,987 54,046 54,030 53,809 53,781 53,703 53,727
Coastal and sub-coastal other non-floodplain swamp 5,528 5,537 5,552 5,546 5,540 5,542 5,549
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain tree (Melaleuca and Eucalypt) swamp 65,975 66,011 66,093 66,451 66,558 66,632 67,345
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain grass, sedge, and herb swamp 74,383 74,379 74,399 74,330 74,445 74,497 74,644
Coastal and sub-coastal floodplain wet heath swamp 7,660 7,660 7,661 7,673 7,678 7,686 7,715
Coastal and sub-coastal other floodplain swamp 34 34 34 34 34 34 34
Coastal and sub-coastal tree (palm) swamp 3,446 3,449 3,451 3,453 3,456 3,455 3,458
Unknown - Swamp - Arid and semi-arid 796 796 796 796 796 796 796
Unknown - Swamp - Coastal and sub-coastal 351 351 351 351 351 351 351

Disclaimer

Areas do not include marine or estuarine waters but do include estuarine wetland vegetation
(e.g. mangroves and tidal flats).

All statistics are approximate and generated based on data transformed to a customised Albers equal-area projection, thus allowing wetland extent change for different regions of Queensland to be comparable.

Areas may change over time as mapping approaches improve.

Totals may not match the sum of individually displayed figures due to the rounding of displayed figures.

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Australian Land Use and Management Classification (ALUMC) metadata

Water Quality Improvement Plans land use
ALUMC code and description
Area (ha)
% total area
Total 42,378,058 99.4%
2.1 Grazing native vegetation 30,092,495 70.6%
1.1 Nature conservation 3,899,094 9.1%
2.2 Production native forests 1,855,164 4.4%
1.2 Managed resource protection 1,588,844 3.7%
1.3 Other minimal use 1,559,229 3.7%
3.3 Cropping 891,421 2.1%
6.5 Marsh/wetland 679,821 1.6%
4.3 Irrigated cropping 498,007 1.2%
5.4 Residential and farm infrastructure 309,142 0.7%
6.2 Reservoir/dam 166,287 0.4%
3.1 Plantation forests 164,535 0.4%
5.8 Mining 146,957 0.3%
3.2 Grazing modified pastures 132,464 0.3%
6.3 River 104,485 0.2%
5.7 Transport and communication 66,173 0.2%
4.4 Irrigated perennial horticulture 57,227 0.1%
5.5 Services 44,446 0.1%
6.1 Lake 30,336 0.1%
4.5 Irrigated seasonal horticulture 24,720 0.1%
4.2 Grazing irrigated modified pastures 15,288 0.0%
5.3 Manufacturing and industrial 12,651 0.0%
6.6 Estuary/coastal waters 11,422 0.0%
5.2 Intensive animal production 7,620 0.0%
4.1 Irrigated plantation forests 4,192 0.0%
5.6 Utilities 3,648 0.0%
6.4 Channel/aqueduct 3,322 0.0%
5.9 Waste treatment and disposal 2,638 0.0%
4.6 Irrigated land in transition 2,403 0.0%
3.6 Land in transition 1,816 0.0%
3.4 Perennial horticulture 1,446 0.0%
5.1 Intensive horticulture 721 0.0%
3.5 Seasonal horticulture 44 0.0%

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Wildlife

Kingdom
Class
Native Introduced Wetland
indicator
species
Rare or
threatened
species
All
TOTAL 13,437 1,294 1,042 1,030 14,738
Animals 1,991 57 452 245 2,048
Mammals 221 20 10 46 241
Birds 667 12 103 73 679
Reptiles 415 3 37 54 418
Amphibians 127 1 43 38 128
Lobe-finned fishes 1 0 1 1 1
Ray-finned fishes 150 15 158 12 165
Cartilaginous fishes 19 0 19 7 19
Lampreys 1 0 1 1 1
Insects 369 6 80 6 375
Malacostracans 14 0 0 5 14
Arachnids 3 0 0 0 3
Snails 4 0 0 2 4
Bacteria 54 0 0 0 54
Chromists 62 0 0 0 62
Fungi 1,857 1 0 0 1,858
Plants 9,466 1,236 590 785 10,709
Protozoans 7 0 0 0 7

Note: Wildlife statistics are based on information that has been submitted to the DETSI WildNet database and converted to a 10km² grid. The grid information has been intersected with the mapping polygons to determine the species lists. Click here to view the species grid metadata.

Information from WildNet can also be accessed via Wildlife Online and WetlandMaps.

Rare or threatened includes species listed as extinct, extinct in the wild, critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable or conservation dependent under either the Nature Conservation Act or Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act

Disclaimer: While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of this product, the Queensland Government and Australian Government make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and disclaim all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs which might be incurred as a consequence of reliance on the product, or as a result of the product being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.

AreaType-great-barrier-reef

This page should be cited as:

Department of Environment, Science and Innovation, Queensland (2013) Water Quality Improvement Plans — facts and maps, WetlandInfo website, accessed 2 June 2025. Available at: https://wetlandinfo.des.qld.gov.au/wetlands/facts-maps/great-barrier-reef-water-quality-improvement-plans/